Uruganda rukora imiti muri Kenya, Universal Corporation Limited (UCL), rwahawe uruhushya rutishyurwa (royalty-free voluntary licence) na sosiyete ikora imiti ya Merck, kugira ngo rukore imiti isa n’uyu izagezwa mu bihugu 129 bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, harimo n’amasoko yo muri Afurika.

Izindi nganda zo muri Afurika zahawe uru ruhushya ni Quality Chemical Industries Limited rwo muri Uganda na Aspen Pharmacare rwo muri Afurika y’Epfo. Hari kandi inganda enye zo mu Buhinde na zo zahawe uruhushya muri iyi gahunda.

Ni mu mu gihe ibihugu bya Afurika bishaka kuzamura ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukorera imiti ku mugabane kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku miti itumizwa hanze.

Mu Nteko rusange ya 81 y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, Kenya yagaragaje ko Afurika ihura n’ikigereranyo cya kimwe cya kane cy’indwara ziboneka ku Isi, ariko ikaba ikora munsi ya 6% by’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi ikoreshwa ndetse na hafi 1% by’inkingo zikoreshwa ku Isi.

Icyorezo cya Covid-19 cyagaragaje ingaruka zo kwishingikiriza cyane ku nganda z’imiti zo hanze y’umugabane, bityo Afurika ikaba ikeneye ubushobozi bwinshi mu gukora ubushakashatsi, gukora no gutanga imiti imbere mu gihugu.

Igeragezwa rigenze neza kandi inzego zibishinzwe zikemeza ko umuti ukoreshwa, iyi gahunda y’impushya ishobora gutuma inganda zo muri Afurika zitangira gutanga uyu muti zitiriwe zimara imyaka myinshi zitegura ubushobozi bwo gukora imiti isa n’uyu.

Merck yavuze kandi ko yiyemeje gutanga ubufasha bw’ibanze bw’umuti ku bihugu bikennye cyangwa ubuciriritse nta nyungu bisabwe, mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko byatinda kubona umuti hagati y’igihe wemererwa gukoreshwa n’igihe imiti ikorwa n’inganda zisanzwe iboneka.

Alimatavir, uzwi kandi nka MK-8527, wagenewe gufatwa rimwe mu kwezi nk’uburyo bwo kwirinda HIV hakoreshejwe imiti yo kunywa. Kuri ubu hari gukorwa amageragezwa abiri yo ku rwego rwa gatatu.

Igeragezwa rya EXPrESSIVE-10 rikorwa ku bakobwa b’ingimbi n’abagore bakiri bato muri Kenya, Uganda na Afurika y’Epfo, mu gihe EXPrESSIVE-11 rikorwa ku bantu bo mu bihugu 16 bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura HIV.

Nubwo uyu muti ugifite gukorerwa igerageza, amakuru ya mbere ya Merck agaragaza ko ushobora gutangira kurinda umuntu HIV nyuma y’isaha imwe gusa awufashe, kandi ushobora kugira igihe cy’inyongera kingana n’icyumweru mu gihe umuntu yibagiwe gufata dose ya buri kwezi.

Biteganyijwe ko uyu muti ushobora kuzagezwa kuri serivisi z’ubuzima ku giciro gishobora kuba hafi y’amadolari atanu ku muntu ku mwaka, nubwo igiciro cya nyuma kizaterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye.

Gufata umuti rimwe mu kwezi ndetse n’igiciro gishobora kuba gito bigamije gukemura zimwe mu mbogamizi zijyanye no gufata imiti ifasha kwirinda ubwandu bushya ya buri munsi, harimo gukomeza kuyifata neza no kuyibona.

Ariko alimatavir iracyari mu igeragezwa. Icyiciro cya gatatu cy’igerageza kizatanga amakuru azafasha inzego zibishinzwe gufata icyemezo cyo kuwemera cyangwa kutawemera. AVAC ivuga ko uyu muti ushobora kujya ku isoko guhera mu 2028 mu gihe igeragezwa rizagaragaza ko wizewe kandi ukora neza.