Hashize imyaka myinshi ikibazo cy’umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR giteza amakimbirane akomeye hagati ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’u Rwanda; aho ibihugu byombi bitumvikana ku mbaraga ufite ndetse no ku bawushyigikira ariko RDC ikivuguruza umunsi ku wundi.

Imvugo za Leta ya Kinshasa kuri uyu mutwe zahindutse kenshi, aho rimwe yavugaga ko utabaho cyangwa igakerensa ubushobozi bwawo ngo ni abasaza batagishoboye kurwana, ariko nyuma ikaza kwemera ko ubaho kandi ko ukwiye gusenywa, abarwanyi bawo bagasubizwa mu buzima busanzwe.

FDLR yashinzwe n’abagize uruhare mu itegurwa n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, baba abanyapolitiki ndetse n’abahoze mu ngabo zatsinzwe (Ex-FAR), kimwe n’abo mu mutwe w’Interahamwe. Kugeza ubu iracyiyubaka, yinjiza abarwanyi bashya b’urubyiruko.

Uyu mutwe ukorera mu burasirazuba bwa RDC. Leta y’u Rwanda iwushinja kubangamira umutekano wayo cyane ko uri hafi y’umupaka. Leta ya RDC yo igerageza kwirengagiza ikibazo cyawo, ikagaragaza ko icyihutirwa gikwiye gukorwa ari ugusenya AFC/M23.

Ikibazo cya FDLR cyaganiriwe cyane mu biganiro by’ubuhuza byabereye i Pretoria muri Afurika y’Epfo mu myaka irenga 20 ishize, kigera i Luanda muri Angola mu 2022 no mu byabereye i Washington muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kuva mu ntangiriro za 2025.

I Washington hanasinywe amaserano y’amahoro akubiyemo ingingo zirimo gusenya uyu mutwe hashingiwe ku bikorwa byateganyijwe mu mushinga wa ‘CONOPS’ ariko na nyuma yo kuyasinya, Leta ya RDC yakomeje guteza urujijo ku ruhande ihagazemo.

Leta ya RDC yatangiye igaragaza FDLR nk’icyuka

Hari igihe abayobozi b’i Kinshasa bavugaga ko FDLR idafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda, bashaka kwerekana ko Leta y’u Rwanda idakwiye gukomeza kubaragaza uyu mutwe nk’ikibazo kiyibangamiye.

Aha ni ho baheraga bashinja u Rwanda kwifashisha ikibazo cya FDLR nk’impamvu yo kwivanga mu bibazo bya RDC no gushaka ‘kwiba’ umutungo kamere wo mu burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu.

Muri Werurwe 2025, Dr. Christophe Lutundula wabaye Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wa RDC yagize ati "Igihe cyari kigeze ngo dutangire ibikorwa byo kurandura abo bantu ba FDLR basigaye u Rwanda ruvuga ariko njye ntemera, ntazi ngo ni bande."

Dr. Lutundula warwanye inkundura urugamba rwo kugaragaza ko FDLR itakibaho mu gihe yari Minisitiri, yakomeje ati “Ese ubu tuvugana u Rwanda ruracyavuga FDLR nka mbere? Oya kuko ikibazo nyamukuru ni ibyerekeye ubukungu.”

Nyuma y’aho amasezerano y’amahoro ya Washington asinywe muri Kamena 2025, Minisitiri ushinzwe ubucuruzi bwo hanze muri RDC, Julien Paluku, yavuze ko FDLR itabaho ahubwo ngo ni ikinyoma cyahimbwe n’u Rwanda.

Minisitiri Paluku yavuze ko FDLR ari imvugo imaze imyaka 30 yarahumye Isi amaso, kandi ngo u Rwanda rugenda ruzura ikibazo cy’uyu mutwe nk’impamvu yo gutera igihugu cyabo no kucyiba amabuye y’agaciro.

Ati "FDLR ya nyayo u Rwanda rushaka muri RDC ni amabuye y’agaciro ya Congo."

Ambasaderi w’u Rwanda muri Algeria, Vincent Karega, yagaragaje ko bidatangaje ko aya magambo yavuzwe na Paluku wamaze imyaka myinshi ari Guverineri w’Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru ikoreramo FDLR, akayiha indaro muri Pariki ya Virunga.

Leta ya RDC yisamye yasandaye

Leta ya RDC ijya gusinya amasezerano arimo gusenya FDLR nk’ingingo nyamukuru yayo, yari yemeye byeruye ko uyu mutwe w’iterabwoba uhari kandi ko ari ikibazo ku mutekano w’u Rwanda n’akarere muri rusange.

Tariki ya 15 Mata 2024, Gen Maj Sylvain Ekenge wari Umuvugizi w’ingabo za RDC yatangarije kuri televiziyo y’igihugu ko FDLR iri mu gihugu cyabo kandi ko yagize uruhare runini mu mpfu z’Abanye-Congo benshi.

Icyo gihe Gen Maj Ekenge yagize ati "FDLR itera Abanye-Congo, yica Abanye-Congo, mu barenga miliyoni 10 bishwe mu myaka 10 ishize, FDLR ifitemo ijanisha rinini mu guteza impfu hariya.”

Ibyo uyu musirikare yavuze ntibyari amagambo gusa, kuko yamaze igihe kinini akorera mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, aho yabaye Umuvugizi w’ibikorwa bya gisirikare muri iyi ntara, akaba n’Umuvugizi wa Guverineri mu rwego rwa gisirikare.

Iyi mvugo yagaragaye nk’impinduka ikomeye ugereranyije kuko Leta ya RDC yari imaze igihe kinini igaragaza ikibazo cya FDLR mu buryo buvangavanze.

Mu Ukwakira 2025, igisirikare cya RDC cyasohoye itangazo rihamagarira abasirikare bacyo guhagarika ubufatanye na FDLR, kinasaba abarwanyi bawo kurambika intwaro, batabyubahiriza bakagabwaho ibitero.

Nubwo iri tangazo ryasohotse, igisirikare cya RDC cyakomeje gukorana na FDLR, kiyiha intwaro n’amasasu, kandi uyu mutwe ntiwigeze urambika intwaro. Iminsi 90 yasabwaga yo kuba uyu mutwe wasenywe yarenze nta mpinduka.

Gen Maj Sylvain Ekenge yemeye ko FDLR iri muri RDC kandi ko imaze imyaka myinshi yica Abanye-Congo

Urwitwazo mu isura nshya

Mu gihe Leta ya RDC yibutswaga ko itubahiriza inshingano yahawe yo gusenya FDLR, yatangiye kugaragaza ko abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe baba mu bice bigenzurwa na AFC/M23, yerekana ko ibyo biyibuza gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano y’amahoro.

Mu mpera za Werurwe 2026, igisirikare cya RDC cyatangarije i Kisangani ko cyatangiye ibikorwa byo gusenya FDLR, ariko nyuma y’iminsi ibiri, kiyoherereza mu Mujyi wa Pinga muri Teritwari ya Walikale intwaro yifashisha mu mirwano bihanganyemo na AFC/M23.

Raporo y’impuguke za Loni yasohotse mu mpera za Kamena 2026 ivuga ko igisirikare cya RDC cyijeje FDLR ko kitazigera kiyisenya, ahubwo ko bizakomeza gukorana nk’abafatanyabikorwa b’ingenzi.

Amakuru ava mu burasirazuba bwa RDC avuga ko abarwanyi ba FDLR bari mu bice bigenzurwa na Leta bagiriwe inama yo kujya mu bice bigenzurwa na AFC/M23 kugira ngo bigaragare nk’impamvu yo kutabagabaho ibitero.

Ku wa 30 Nyakanga 2026, Umuvugizi wa FDLR mu rwego rwa politiki, Cure Ngoma, yatangaje ko abarwanyi b’uyu mutwe baba mu bice bigenzurwa na AFC/M23
gusa.

Cure Ngoma yagize ati "Nakubwira ko duherereye mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, by’umwihariko mu gipande M23 n’u Rwanda bigaruriye. Ni ukuvuga ngo muri rusange ingabo zacu ni ho zigaragara."

Mu biganiro bijyanye n’umutekano byahuje intumwa z’u Rwanda, iza RDC n’iza Amerika binyuze mu rwego ruhuriweho ruzwi nka JSCM, zagaragaje ko hari abarwanyi ba FDLR bari mu bice AFC/M23 igenzura, ariko ko hari n’abari mu bigenzurwa na Leta ya RDC.

Muri Kamena 2026, Umujyanama wa Perezida wa Amerika mu bufatanye na Afurika, Massad Boulos, yabwiye akanama k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano ko Leta ya RDC itigeze isenya FDLR byibura mu bice igenzura.

Boulos yagize ati "Nubwo hari ibyagezweho, abarebwa n’amasezerano bakomeje kurenga ku byo biyemeje. RDC ntiyigeze yubahiriza inshingano yo gusenya umutwe wa FDLR byibura mu bice igenzura."

RDC yeruye ko itazasenya FDLR

Hari inyandiko imaze iminsi icaracara mu bitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga, bigaragara ko yashyizweho umukono na Perezida wa FDLR, Lt Gen Victor Byiringiro, tariki ya 30 Gicurasi 2026, yohererezwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi.

Iyi nyandiko igaragara nk’umushinga wo kurambika intwaro kw’abarwanyi ba FDLR, gusubizwa mu buzima busanzwe no gushyira mu bigo bigenzurwa kandi birindiwe umutekano, igasobanurwa nka gahunda yo kwisenya k’uyu mutwe w’iterabwoba.

Kuva tariki ya 13 Nyakanga, Minisitiri ushinzwe ukwishyira hamwe kw’akarere, Floribert Anzuluni, yakwirakwije iyi nyandiko mu bihugu bitandukanye bya Afurika n’i Burayi, asobanura ko Leta ya RDC yagiranye na FDLR amasezerano yo kurambika intwaro.

Mu gihe Anzuluni yakwirakwizaga iyi nyandiko, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane w’u Rwanda, Ambasaderi Olivier Nduhungirehe, yagaragaje ko inyandiko ya FDLR itateganyijwe mu masezerano y’amahoro ya Washington.

Tariki ya 29 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yibukije Leta ya RDC ko FDLR itari mu mpande zasinye amasezerano ya Washington, ahubwo ko ari ikibazo kigomba gukemurwa, kikarandurwa burundu hashingiwe kuri aya masezerano kugira ngo akarere kagire amahoro.

Yagize ati "Isinywa ry’iyi ngirwamasezerano hagati y’umugabo (Leta ya RDC) n’umuhungu we (FDLR) ndetse na roho mbi (ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside) nta na hamwe rihuriye n’amasezerano y’amahoro ya Washington kuko nta hantu na hamwe ariteganya."

Ku wa 30 Nyakanga, Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma ya RDC, Patrick Muyaya, yatangaje ko niba FDLR yemeye kurambika intwaro no gusubizwa mu buzima busanzwe, nta mpamvu igisirikare cy’igihugu cyabo gifite yo kuyigabaho ibitero.

Muyaya yagize ati "Nta wakoresha imbaraga ku bahisemo inzira y’amahoro ku bushake, imbere y’abagabo."

Prof. Bob Kabamba wigisha muri Kaminuza ya Liège mu Bubiligi, agaragaza ko bishobora kwitwa ko FDLR isenyutse, ariko ikagaruka mu rindi zina, cyane ko na mbere y’uko uyu mutwe witwa uku, wabanje kuba RDR na ALiR ariko imiterere yawo mu rwego rwa gisirikare n’urwa politiki ntiyahinduka.

Leta ya RDC imaze imyaka myinshi ihinduranya imvugo ku mutwe wa FDLR, rimwe igatangaza ko utabaho, ubundi ukavuga ko ugizwe n'abasaza

Nyuma y'igihe kinini Patrick Muyaya akerensa ubushobozi bwa FDLR, yeruye ko Leta ya RDC idashobora kuyisenya kuko ngo yahisemo inzira y'amahoro