Mu gihe ibikorwa byo gusenya umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR washinzwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 byaheze mu magambo, wo n’ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo byatangije gahunda nshya yo guhindura amasezerano y’amahoro ya Washington.

Leta ya RDC iri kugerageza kwemeza abafatanyabikorwa bo muri Afurika n’i Burayi inyandiko y’umushinga wo gusenya FDLR ariko bitanyuze mu bikorwa bya gisirikare.

Leta y’u Rwanda n’abasesenguzi mu bya politiki bagaragaza ko ari umukino wo kuyobya uburari utagamije gukemura ikibazo guhera mu mizi yacyo; ari yo ngengabitekerezo ya Jenoside.

Minisitiri wa ushinzwe ukwishyira hamwe kw’akarere, Floribert Anzuluni Isiloketshi, kuva tariki ya 13 Nyakanga 2026 yazengurutse ibihugu birimo Uganda, Togo, u Burundi, Tanzania, u Bubiligi, u Bufaransa na Afurika y’Epfo, agera no ku cyicaro cy’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) i Bruxelles.

Nubwo ku mugaragaro byavuzwe ko izi ngendo zari zigamije kuganira ku mutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, mu buryo bw’ibanga hari ikintu cy’umwihariko Leta ya Kinshasa yari igamije kiri mu butumwa bwihariye bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi yashyikirije abamwakiriye.

Ikinyamakuru Jeune Afrique cyatangaje ko Kinshasa ishaka kwemeza ibihugu byo mu karere n’ibyo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi ko iri gukora ibishoboka byose mu gusenya umutwe wa FDLR, mu gihe ikomeje gushyirwaho igitutu kubera kutubahiriza amasezerano y’amahoro ya Washington.

Izi ngendo zidatuza zatewe n’uko Washington yakomeje gushyira igutu kuri Kinshasa. Ku wa 27 Kamena, Umujyanama wa Perezida wa Amerika mu bijyanye n’ubufatanye na Afurika, Massad Boulos, yabwiye akanama k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano ko Leta ya RDC itubahirije isezerano ryo gusenya FDLR.

Tariki ya 13 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni n'itsinda bari kumwe bakiriwe muri Uganda

Inyandiko ya FDLR: Kwisesa cyangwa ikinamico?

Minisitiri Anzuluni yagejeje ku bihugu yasuye inyandiko igaragaza gahunda nshya yo kurambika intwaro no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abarwanyi b’umutwe wa FDLR.

Iyi nyandiko iriho umukono wa Victor Byiringiro, umuyobozi mu rwego rwa politiki w’uyu mutwe, irimo ibyo Kinshasa yita gahunda yo kurambika intwaro ku bushake no kwisesa k’uyu mutwe nyuma y’ubukangurambaga bwa Leta ya RDC.

Iyi nyandiko Byiringiro yashyikirije Perezida Tshisekedi tariki ya 30 Gicurasi 2026, igaragaza ko gusenya FDLR byaba igikorwa cya politiki, aho kuba icya gisirikare kandi ko abarwanyi ba FDLR bakwiye gushyirwa mu kigo cyihariye kirindiwe umutekano, ntibagabweho ibitero.

Byiringiro yavuze ko abarwanyi ba FDLR badakwiye gucyurwa mu Rwanda ku ngufu, ahubwo ko abadashaka gusubira muri iki gihugu bakomokamo bafashwa kujya gutura mu bindi bihugu hamwe n’imiryango yabo bari kumwe muri RDC.

Ku ruhande rwa Kinshasa, Minisitiri Anzuluni yayigaragaje nk’intambwe ikomeye. RDC ishaka kwerekana ko irimo gukuraho icyo yita urwitwazo rw’u Rwanda, kuko ubutegetsi bw’i Kinshasa buvuga ko FDLR ari urwitwazo Kigali ikoresha mu gushyigikira ihuriro AFC/M23.

Leta y’u Rwanda yamaganye iyi nyandiko, iyigaragaza nk’amayeri yo kwirengagiza amasezerano y’amahoro ya Washington asaba Leta ya RDC gusenya uyu mutwe kuva yasinywa tariki ya 27 Kamena 2025.

Nk’uko ikinyamakuru La Libre cyo mu Bubiligi cyabitangaje, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane w’u Rwanda, Ambasaderi Olivier Nduhungirehe, yagaragaje ko nta kindi iyi nyandiko igamije keretse kuyobya uburari.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yagize ati "Twitaye ku masezerano twasinye. Igerageza ryose ryo gushyiramo ibindi bintu rigamije kugaragaza FDLR nk’uruhande ruri muri aya masezerano ntitwaryemera. Ibyo bigamije gutesha agaciro inyandiko yasinyiwe i Washington."

Yongeyeho ati "Amasezerano ya Washington ni inyandiko nziza. Ibirimo byose biramutse bishyizwe mu bikorwa, twaba dufite icyizere nyakuri cyo kugana ku mahoro n’iterambere mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari."

Abasesenguzi mu bya politiki bagaragaza ko ibyo gushyiraho amasezerano yo "kwisesa" ku bushake atari ubwa mbere bibayeho ku mutwe wa FDLR, kandi ko ibi ari ikinamico.

Prof. Bob Kabamba, umwarimu w’ibijyanye na politiki muri Kaminuza ya Liège mu Bubiligi, yatangaje ko ibyo kwisesa kwa FDLR bitashoboka.

Yagize ati "Ibi ntabwo ari ubwa mbere bibaye. Bisaba gusesengura amateka ya FDLR kugira ngo usobanukirwe imiterere y’iki kibazo."

Prof. Kabamba yagaragaje ko muri Nyakanga 2000, Laurent-Désiré Kabila wayoboraga yagize uruhare mu isenywa ry’umutwe wa ALiR agamije kuyobya uburari, nyuma atangiza ishingwa rya FDLR.

Uyu mwarimu abona ko n’iyo uyu mutwe wasenywa nk’uko inyandiko ya Byiringiro Victor ibigaragaza, mu gihe kiri imbere hazavuka undi mutwe ukora nka yo cyangwa ufite ubukana kuyirusha.

Ati "Gahunda nshya yemerera FDLR kwisenya. Ibi ntibyumvikana kandi Kigali ntizabyihanganira kuko ntiyibagiwe ALiR n’ivuka rya FDLR igishyigikiwe bikomeye na Kinshasa uyu munsi. Dushingiye kuri iyi nyandiko, twatekereza ko amateka ashobora kwisubira, mu gihe kizaza hakazavuka undi mutwe ukurikira iri seswa."

Kuva mu ntangiriro za 2026, Tshisekedi yavuzweho umugambi wo guhindura izina rya FDLR agamije guhindura isura ifite mu maso y’umuryango mpuzamahanga, akaba ashaka ko ihinduka FCLR (Front Commun pour la Libération Rwandaise) ariko ikagumana ingengabitekerezo n’imiterere ya gisirikare isanganywe.

Perezida wa FDLR, Byiringiro Victor, ni we witeguriye inyandiko y'umushinga wo gusenya uyu mutwe, ayoherereza Tshisekedi

Ingengabitekerezo ya FDLR

Yaba Minisitiri Nduhungirehe cyangwa Prof. Kabamba, bombi bashimangira ko ikibazo gikomeye cya FDLR ari ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside iri mu barwanyi ndetse n’abayobozi bayo, aho kuba umubare w’abarwanyi gusa.

Prof. Kabamba ati "Iki kibazo kirakomeye cyane kurusha abarwanyi ba FDLR ubwabo. Ubu babarirwa ku 2000 cyangwa 3000 gusa, ku buryo batashobora guhungabanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda. Ariko ingengabitekerezo y’ubuhezanguni bimitse ikomeje kwibasira ubwoko runaka igamije kubutsemba no kwimika ubugizi bwa nabi. Iyi gahunda nta na kimwe yakemura."

Nk’uko raporo y’impuguke z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yasohotse mu mpera za Kamena 2026 ibigaragaza, FDLR yigamba ko ifite abarwanyi barenga 10000 barimo kimwe cya kabiri bahoraho, mu gihe ishami ry’abarwanyi bayo badasanzwe (CRAP) ryo rivuga ko rifite abarwanyi 20.000.

Hakurya y’ingendo za Minisitiri Anzuluni, Leta ya RDC ikomeje gutegura intambara mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo. Nubwo mu mpera za Werurwe 2026 igisirikare cy’iki gihugu cyatangaje ko kigiye gusenya FDLR, nticyigeze kibyubahiriza ahubwo nyuma y’iminsi ibiri cyayihaye intwaro kugira ngo ikomeze kugifasha ku rugamba.

Leta y’u Rwanda ikomeje kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ubufatanye buri hagati ya Leta ya RDC na FDLR, mu gihe Kinshasa ikomeza kuvuga ko ibyo ivugana n’uyu mutwe ari ibyo kuwusaba kurambika intwaro.

Tariki ya 24 Nyakanga 2026, i Paris hateganyijwe inama y’u Rwanda na RDC izayoborwa na Washington, yitabirwe na Komisiyo y’umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU) na Togo. Amakuru ahari avuga ko izaba igamije kureba intambwe iri guterwa mu gusenya FDLR hashingiwe ku masezerano y’amahoro.

Minisitiri Anzuluni n'abamuherekeje bakiriwe na Perezida Yoweri Kaguta Museveni wa Uganda

Tariki ya 15 Nyakanga 2026, Perezida Evariste Ndayishimiye w'u Burundi yakiriye Minisitiri Anzuluni wamugejejeho umushinga wa FDLR

Tariki ya 15 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni yakiriwe na Perezida w'Inama y'Abaminisitiri ya Togo

Minisitiri Anzuluni yagejeje kuri Ndayishimiye uyu mushinga nk'inshuti magara ya RDC akaba n'Umuyobozi Mukuru wa AU

Tariki ya 19 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni yakiriwe na Perezida Samia Suluhu wa Tanzania

Tariki ya 20 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni yakiriwe na Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'Amahanga w'u Bubiligi, Maxime Prevot

Ku wa 22 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni yakiriwe n'umujyanama wa Perezida w'u Bufaransa mu bufatanye na Afurika

Ku wa 23 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni yahuriye n'Intumwa Yihariye ya EU mu karere k'Ibiyaga i Bruxelles, Johan Borgstam, amushyikiriza uyu mushinga

Kuri uyu wa 24 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Anzuluni yakiriwe na Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa wa Afurika y'Epfo