Ubwo Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) yaregaga u Rwanda mu Rukiko rw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (ICJ) muri Kamena 2026, ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Félix Tshisekedi bwavuze ko icyo cyemezo ari intambwe yari imaze igihe itegerejwe mu gushaka ubutabera.

Kinshasa yashinje u Rwanda kurenga ku masezerano mpuzamahanga binyuze mu ruhare ivuga ko rufite mu ntambara yo mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Ibyo birego biraremereye kandi bikwiye gusuzumwa n’urukiko. Icyakora, na none hakwiye gusuzumwa impamvu za politiki zishobora kuba ziri inyuma yabyo.

Mu kurega u Rwanda i La Haye, Kinshasa si ugushaka gusa ubutabera, ahubwo iri n’umugambi ugamije guharabika u Rwanda mu guhisha uruhare rwa Leta ya RDC ubwayo mu ntambara, cyane cyane ku mikoranire yayo n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu Burasirazuba bw’igihugu.

Uru rubanza rushobora kutaba urw’amategeko gusa, ahubwo rukaba n’urwo guhatanira kugaragaza uwakagombye kubazwa inshingano n’uwo amahanga akwiriye kwibandaho bijyanye n’ibiteganywa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.

Ikibazo si uko RDC yahisemo kwifashisha inkiko, kuko buri gihugu gifite uburenganzira bwo gushaka ubutabera, ahubwo ikibazo kiri mu kuba hari ibyo ihitamo kureba n’ibyo ihitamo kwirengagiza.

Kinshasa irashaka ko amahanga asesengura ibyo ishinja u Rwanda, ariko ikirengagiza ibirego biyishinja gukorana n’umutwe wa FDLR, ugizwe n’abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ndetse n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera mu mutaka wa Wazalendo ndetse no gukoresha abacanshuro.

FDLR si umutwe usanzwe. Ni umutwe washinzwe n’abari abasirikare b’ubutegetsi bwakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ndetse n’Interahamwe bahungiye muri RDC nyuma yo kuyikora.

Uwo mutwe umaze imyaka ushinjwa ubwicanyi bushingiye ku moko, gufata abagore ku ngufu, kwinjiza abana mu gisirikare n’ibindi byaha bikomeye.

Ni umutwe wanafatiwe ibihano n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ndetse na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Raporo y’impuguke za Loni yasohotse mu mpera za Kamena 2026, igaragaza ko FDLR ari umutwe ukibangamiye amahoro n’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa RDC no mu karere, kandi ko ikomeje kwiyubaka ibifashijwemo na Leta ya Kinshasa.

FDLR yivugira ko ifite abarwanyi barenga 10.000, kandi ko hafi kimwe cya kabiri cyabo ari bo bakora ibikorwa bya gisirikare bihoraho. CRAP yo ivuga ko ifite abarwanyi barenga 20.000.

Loni n’inzego z’ubutasi bigaragaza ko FDLR yose ifite abarwanyi hagati ya 3.500 na 4.500. Amasezerano ya Washington yo yagaragazaga ko FDLR ifite abari hagati ya 3.000 na 3.500.

Muri Kamena 2025, igisirikare cy’u Rwanda cyagaragaje ko kugeza icyo gihe, FDLR yari ifite abarwanyi bari hagati ya 7000 na 10.000, kandi ko iyo bamenye ko bagiye kugabwaho ibitero, bivanga mu baturage.

Ibyo byose ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bisa n’aho ntacyo bibubwiye, kuko aho kuwufata nk’umutwe ugomba kurandurwa kubera guteza umutekano muke, bwakomeje kuwufata nk’umufatanyabikorwa ukomeye mu bya gisirikare ku rugamba buhanganyemo na AFC/M23.

Nyamara raporo y’itsinda ry’impuguke za Loni kuri RDC yasohotse muri Kamena 2026 yagaragaje ko leta ya RDC yakomeje kwifashisha imitwe ya Wazalendo nk’ingabo ziyunganira, ndetse ikomeza gukorana na FDLR nubwo yari yaremeye ko izayisenya.

Iyo raporo ivuga ko abarwanyi ba FDLR n’aba Wazalendo bakoranye n’ingabo za FARDC ku mirongo myinshi y’urugamba.

Abashakashatsi ba Loni banagaragaje ko habayeho uburyo bwo gukomeza gutera inkunga iyo mitwe mu buryo bw’amafaranga n’ibikoresho, harimo amafaranga menshi yatangwaga buri kwezi anyujijwe mu nzego z’intara.

Indege za gisirikare za RDC zajyaniye kenshi FDLR imyambaro ya gisirikare, intwaro, amasasu n’ibiribwa, mu gihe FARDC yatangaga ubufasha bwo mu kirere mu bikorwa bahuriyemo.

Hari n’abayobozi ba leta n’ab’igisirikare bavuzweho kubwira abayobozi ba FDLR ko ubufatanye buzakomeza kuko uwo mutwe ukiri ingenzi ku rugamba.

Col (Rtd) Augustin Nshimiyimana uzwi nka Bora wabaye mu bayobozi ba FDLR, aheruka kugaragaza ko imikoranire ya RDC na FDLR ikijya mbere na cyane ko hari benshi mu basirikare bakuru b’uyu mutwe usanga babarizwa i Kinshasa mu buyobozi bwa FARDC.

Leta ya RDC ivuga ko irwanya ibyaha bifitanye isano na Jenoside ntishobora kwizerwa mu gihe ikorana n’umutwe ugizwe n’abafitanye isano na yo.

RDC ntabwo ari igihugu gikwiye kuvuga ibyo kurengera abasivili b’Abanye-Congo mu rukiko mpuzamahanga, ariko imbere mu gihugu igashyigikira imitwe ishinjwa kwibasira abo basivili.

Ku Rwanda, kuba FDLR ikomeje gukorera hafi y’imipaka yarwo ni ikibazo gikomeye cy’umutekano gishingiye ku mateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi no ku ngengabitekerezo uwo mutwe ukomeje gukwirakwiza.

Ni yo mpamvu u Rwanda rubona gukomeza gukorana na FDLR ari icyemezo giteje impungenge zikomeye mu karere.

Ingaruka z’ubwo bufatanye zagaragaye cyane ku Batutsi b’Abanye-Congo, bakomeje gufatwa nk’abanyamahanga, intasi cyangwa abakorera u Rwanda.

Imvugo za politiki zakomeje kuvanga u Rwanda, umutwe wa AFC/M23, Abatutsi b’Abanye-Congo ndetse n’abitwa Abanyarwanda bavuga Ikinyarwanda.

Mu 2023, uwahoze ari Minisitiri akaba n’Umudepite Justin Bitakwira yakoresheje ibiganiro bya televiziyo asobanura amakimbirane mu buryo bushingiye ku moko, agaragaza Abatutsi n’Abanyamulenge nk’abanyamahanga n’abanzi. Izi mvugo zakurikiwe n’ihohoterwa no guhunga kw’abaturage.

Impuguke za Loni zaburiye ko amagambo ye ashobora gushishikariza ivangura, urwango n’urugomo. Raporo ya Loni yo mu 2026 yanavuze ko yagize uruhare mu guhuza ibikorwa by’abashyirwa mu mitwe ya Wazalendo.

Raporo za Loni zagaragaje ko ibihumbi by’Abatutsi bahunze ibikorwa bya Wazalendo na FDLR. Mu gikorwa kimwe, iyo mitwe yatwitse umudugudu wa Nturo muri Teritwari ya Masisi, mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, ndetse hakwirakwizwa amashusho arimo ubutumwa bw’abishimira isenywa ry’ingo z’Abatutsi.

Perezida Paul Kagame aherutse kugaragaza ko nubwo u Rwanda ruhuzwa n’intambara ya AFC/M23 atari rwo rwayitangije, ahubwo ko rukwiye kuvugwaho mu gihe havugwa ku kibazo cya FDLR ifite umugambi wo kuruhungabanya.

Umuryango Human Rights Watch na wo wanditse ku bwicanyi, gukubit, ubwambuzi n’ibindi byaha byakozwe n’imitwe ya Wazalendo ishyigikiwe na Kinshasa, bikorerwa abaturage hashingiwe ku bwoko bwabo.

Amnesty International na yo yavuze ko kuba leta ya RDC idafata ingamba zo guhangana n’imvugo z’urwango zibasira Abanyamulenge n’abandi Batutsi b’Abanye-Congo, byatumye habaho kudahana ababikora.

No mu nzego zo hejuru z’umutekano hagaragaye iyo mvugo kuko nko mu Ukuboza 2025, uwari Umuvugizi w’Ingabo za RDC, Maj. Gen. Sylvain Ekenge, yavugiye kuri televiziyo y’Igihugu amagambo asesereza abagore b’Abatutsikazi, asaba abagabo b’Abanye-Congo kutabashaka, avuga ko ibyo bishobora kuba uburyo bwo kwinjiza abanzi mu gihugu.

Kuba umusirikare wo ku rwego rwo hejuru yaravugiye amagambo nk’ayo kuri televiziyo ya leta byagaragaje uko urwango rushingiye ku moko rwari rumaze kwinjira mu miyoborere ya leta.

Mu gihe cy’intambara, imvugo z’urwango si ikibazo gito. Iyo abayobozi bahora bahuza ubwoko runaka n’ubugambanyi cyangwa ubunyangamugayo buke ku gihugu, baba barimo gutegura uburyo bwo gutoteza, gufunga, kwimura ku gahato no kugirira nabi abo baturage.

Ikirego cya RDC muri ICJ gifitiye ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa akamaro ka politiki. Gituma ikibazo cy’umutekano muke gihindurwa inkuru ishinja igihugu cy’amahanga kuba nyirabayazana, bityo abantu bakibanda ku Rwanda aho kubaza ibibazo bikomeye birebana na ruswa, intege nke z’igisirikare, imiyoborere mibi, gushyigikira imitwe yitwaje intwaro no kwimika amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko.

RDC ikomeje kuryama kuri FDLR no kwimakaza imikoranire mu bya gisirikare

Niba koko Kinshasa ishaka ubutabera, yari ikwiye kubanza guhagarika ubufatanye na FDLR, gusenya imiyoboro itera inkunga imitwe yitwaje intwaro, gukurikirana mu mategeko abayobozi bakwirakwiza urwango rushingiye ku moko no kurinda Abatutsi b’Abanye-Congo bafatwa nk’abatari abenegihugu.

Guverinoma kandi igomba kwemera ko hakorwa iperereza ryigenga ku byaha bishinjwa ingabo za FARDC n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo bo muri Wazalendo.

Bitabaye ibyo, ikirego cya RDC mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga gishobora kubonwa nk’uburyo bwo kuyobya uburari aho kuba urugendo rugamije gushaka ubutabera.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane, Ambasaderi Olivier Nduhungirehe, yamaganye ikirego Leta ya RDC yajyanye muri ICJ.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yabwiye umunyamakuru Marc Perlman wa France 24 ko iki kirego ari amayeri ya politiki ya Leta ya RDC agamije guhisha ko ikorana n’umutwe w’abajenosideri wa FDLR.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yagize ati “Ni amayeri ya politiki ya DRC, iri gukorana n’umutwe w’abajenosideri witwa FDLR. Ni Perezida Tshisekedi na Leta ye…Icya mbere ni bande bakorana n’umutwe w’abajenosideri? Birumvikana ni Leta ya RDC.”

Iki kirego cyatanzwe tariki ya 26 Kamena 2026 kivuga ko u Rwanda rwohereje ingabo ku butaka bwa RDC mu myaka 30 ishize, rurenga ku masezerano mpuzamahanga menshi arimo ayo mu 1948 ajyanye no gukumira Jenoside, ayo kurwanya iyicarubozo, ayo kurwanya ivanguramoko n’ayo kurengera abagore.

Leta ya RDC, ibinyujije muri Minisitiri w’Ubutabera akaba n’Intumwa Nkuru yayo, Guillaume Ngefa, yasabye ICJ kwemeza ku mugaragaro ko u Rwanda rwagize uruhare muri ibi byaha.

Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'Amahanga n'Ubutwererane w'u Rwanda, Amb Olivier Nduhungirehe, yamaganye ikirego cya RDC ku Rwanda

Ubutegetsi bwa Tshisekedi bushaka guharabika u Rwanda bwirengagije ko bwica nkana amategeko mpuzamahanga