Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) n’ibindi bihugu bikomeye byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi, byasabye Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo gushyira mu bikorwa byihuse gahunda ifatika yo gusenya burundu umutwe w’iterabwoba wa FDLR, nk’uko biteganywa n’amasezerano y’amahoro ya Washington.

Ibi bihugu birimo Amerika, u Bubiligi, Canada, Denmark, u Bufaransa, u Budage, u Buholandi, Suède, u Busuwisi n’u Bwongereza, hamwe na EU, bibarizwa mu Itsinda Mpuzamahanga rikurikiranira hafi ibibera mu Karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, ICG.

Mu itangazo ryasohotse ku wa 13 Kanama 2026, ICG yatangaje ko yakiriye amakuru yatangajwe na Guverinoma ya RDC ku wa 28 Nyakanga, ko igice cya FDLR cyemeye kandi kigasinya amasezerano agamije kwambura intwaro abarwanyi bayo, kubasezerera mu gisirikare no kubashyira mu nkambi itekanye.

Icyakora, ibi bihugu na EU byagaragaje ko gusinya ayo masezerano bidahagije, bisaba Leta ya RDC gushyiraho gahunda y’ibikorwa n’ingengabihe yumvikana izatuma FDLR isenyuka ku buryo itazaba ikiri ikibazo ku mutekano w’akarere.

ICG yagize iti “Turahamagarira Leta ya RDC gushyiraho vuba gahunda y’ibikorwa n’ingengabihe ishoboka yo gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo nyabwo bwo kwambura FDLR ubushobozi.”

Yasobanuye ko gahunda y’ibikorwa byo gusenya FDLR n’ingengabihe yayo igomba gutegurwa hashingiwe ku masezerano y’amahoro ya Washington n’inyandiko y’iteganyabikorwa (CONOPS) iri ku mugereka wayo.

CONOPS iteganya iki?

CONOPS ni inyandiko yemejwe mu biganiro bya Luanda mu Ukwakira 2024, nyuma iza gushyirwa mu bigize amasezerano ya Washington yashyizweho umukono ku wa 27 Kamena 2025.

Iyo nyandiko isobanura mu buryo burambuye uko ikibazo cya FDLR kigomba gukemurwa n’uko u Rwanda rugomba gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi rwari rwashyizeho kubera ikibazo cy’umutekano warwo.

Mu ntego zayo z’ibanze, CONOPS ivuga ko RDC igomba gusenya FDLR n’indi mitwe iyishamikiyeho, kugira ngo amahoro arambye aboneke mu karere kuko byagaragaye ko uri mu mpamvu nyamukuru zituma umutekano uzamba.

U Rwanda rwo rwasabwe gukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi bijyanye n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’iyi gahunda no gufasha mu gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abahoze muri FDLR bemeye gutaha.

CONOPS yashyizeho ibyiciro bine. Icya mbere ni ugutegura ibikorwa, birimo kumenya ubushobozi bwa FDLR, aho abarwanyi bayo n’ibikoresho byabo biherereye, guhanahana amakuru no gukangurira abaturage kutayishyigikira.

Icya kabiri ni ugusenya FDLR n’imitwe iyishamikiyeho, kandi hakagenzura uburyo ibyo biri gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Muri icyo cyiciro ni na ho hateganywa ko u Rwanda rukuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi bijyanye n’intambwe ziterwa.

Icyiciro cya gatatu ni ugusuzuma ibyo impande zombi zakoze, naho icya kane kikaba icyo kugarura ituze, kwambura intwaro abarwanyi ba FDLR bemeye kuva muri uyu mutwe, kubacyura mu Rwanda no kubafasha gusubira mu buzima busanzwe.

CONOPS yari yaranashyizeho igihe ntarengwa cy’iminsi 90 cyo kuba FDLR yasenywe burundu kandi ingamba z’ubwirinzi z’u Rwanda zarakuweho, nyuma hagakurikiraho icyiciro cyo kugarura ituze.

Amasezerano ya Washington yashyizeho uburyo buhoraho bwo guhuza ibikorwa by’umutekano hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC, JSCM, kugira ngo impande zombi zikurikirane ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyo zemeranyije.

Ubwo aya masezerano yasinywaga, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane, Ambasederi Olivier Nduhungirehe, yavuze ko ikintu cya mbere kigomba gukorwa ari ugushyira mu bikorwa ari ugusenya FDLR, u Rwanda rugakuraho ingamba z’ubwirinzi.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yashimangiye ko guhagarika burundu kandi mu buryo bugenzurwa ubufasha Leta ya RDC iha FDLR n’imitwe iyishamikiyeho ari imwe mu nkingi z’amahoro arambye.

ICG yanenze ubufatanye bwa Leta ya RDC na FDLR

ICG yashimangiye ko Leta ya RDC igomba gutegura byihuse iteganyabikorwa ryo gusenya FDLR n’ingengabihe nyakuri y’ibyo bikorwa, kandi ikagaragaza uko abakekwaho ibyaha bikomeye bazakurikiranwa.

Yasabye Leta ya RDC gukorana n’abashinzwe ubutumwa bw’amahoro bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (MONUSCO) mu gushyira mu bikorwa iyi gahunda.

Ibi bihugu na EU byagaragaje ko ubufatanye ubwo ari bwo bwose hagati ya Leta ya RDC na FDLR mu bikorwa birimo ibya gisirikare binyuranyije n’ibyo Kinshasa yiyemeje mu masezerano y’amahoro ya Washington.

Iri tangazo risohotse nyuma y’aho Minisitiri wa RDC ushinzwe ubufatanye bw’akarere, Floribert Anzuluni, akwirakwije mu bihugu byo muri Afurika n’i Burayi amasezerano Leta ye yagiranye na FDLR.

Minisitiri Anzuluni yavuze ko aya masezerano ashingiye ku masezerano ya Washington ariko u Rwanda rwayateye utwatsi, rugaragaza ko ibi biri mu mugambi Leta ya Kinshasa imenyereweho wo gutinza gahunda y’amahoro.

U Rwanda rumaze igihe rwibutsa Leta ya RDC ko igomba kubahiriza amasezerano ya Washington, igasenya FDLR nk’uko CONOPS ibiteganya, nta guca ku ruhande cyangwa kuyobya uburari.

Rwagaragaje ko FDLR ari umutwe ubangamiye umutekano warwo n’akarere, usigayemo abarwanyi badashaka gutaha kuko nta mahoro bifuza, bityo ko kugira ngo barambike intwaro bidasaba kubinginga.

ICG yibukije ko impande zose bireba ko zigomba gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo ziyemeje mu masezerano ya Washington, ibiganiro bya Doha ndetse n’izindi gahunda z’ubuhuza zirimo iz’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe.

Amerika, EU n'ibindi bihugu biri muri ICG byasabye RDC gusenya FDLR nk'uko amasezerano ya Washington abiteganya

Leta ya RDC yibukijwe ko gukorana na FDLR bihabanye n'amasezerano ya Washington