Bagabo namwe bagore, basore n’inkumi, banyeshuri b’amateka, politike ndetse n’amasomo akomeye ku kiremwa muntu mutege amatwi. Mugiye kwiga isomo ntekereza ko ritari rikwiye no kuba rikenewe mbere na mbere.

Muri iri somo, turarebera hamwe kimwe mu bikorwa by’ubugwari bukomeye cyabayeho muri iki gihe cy’amateka ya vuba: Uko umuryango mpuzamahanga, uhereye ku Muryango w’Abibumbye kugeza ku miryango ikorera mu Karere, mu buryo bahoraho yirengagije umuburo wa Jenoside yari igiye kuba.

Yego, amateka yongeye kwisubiramo. Ibi ntabwo ari ugusubira mu nkuru y’amateka y’u Rwanda mu 1994 gusa, ahubwo ni isomo rikwiriye kwigwa mu buryo bahoraho, kubera ubwoba bwo kongera gukora amakosa y’ahahise.

Uyu munsi turi tariki 11 Mutarama 2025, ni umwanya mwiza wo gusubira mu byaranze uyu munsi mu 1994. Muribuka ubutumwa bw’umuburo wa Jenoside, sibyo?

Ndavuga ubutumwa bwoherejwe na Gen. General Roméo Dallaire wari uyoboye ingabo za Loni mu Rwanda, yoherereje abamukuriye i New York, ababurira ku biteye ubwoba byari bigiye gukurikira.

Ubutumwa bwasobanuraga neza umugambi uri gutegurwa wo kwica abantu ku bwinshi n’intwaro zari zihishe.

Ubutumwa bwari busobanutse, bwihutirwa ndetse buhangayikishije, ariko igisubizo cy’umuryango mpuzamahanga cyaje ari kimwe mu myaka myinshi ishize: Nta bushake n’ubumuntu.

Igihe Isi yakangukiye, umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi barenga miliyoni wari urimbanyije.

Ubutumwa bwa Dallaire ndetse n’ibindi bimenyetso byo kuburira nk’ijambo rutwitsi rya Leon Mugesera n’ubutumwa bwatambutswaga na RTLM, byari bihari ku bwinshi ariko byarirengagijwe.

Ibyakurikiye ibyo mwese murabizi: Amateka yo kwirengagiza, n’ayasize inkovu zitazasibangana mu mitekerereze ya muntu.

Ntizimbye mu magambo, uyu munsi ni iki tubona muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo?

Turi kubona kwisubiramo kw’ayo mateka, gusa kuri iyi nshuro ntabwo biri kuvugirwa kuri radiyo cyangwa mu mbwirwaruhame gusa. Kuri iyi nshuro biri kuba bya nyabyo, ndetse inzego z’ubuyobozi, imitwe yitwaje intwaro, ingabo za Loni zishinzwe kubungabunga amahoro zananiwe kugira icyo zikora kubera gutsindwa mu buryo bw’imikorere, ndetse tutibagiwe n’abacanshuro b’Abanyaburayi, byahindutse abafatanyacyaha.

Haba mu Rwanda rwo mu 1994 no muri RDC y’uyu munsi, imvugo zibiba urwango zatanze urubuga rwo kuroroka kw’ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi.

Icengezamatwara, by’umwihariko iyo rinyuzwa ku bitangazamakuru bigengwa na leta, n’imvugo z’urwango zidakumirwa, bihinduka intwaro yica bucece.

Dufate urugero rw’uruhare rwa RTLM mbere ya tariki 7 Mata 1994. Iyi radiyo yakoraga nk’ukuboko kwa Guverinoma y’Abajenosideri kuruta gukora nk’umuyoboro w’amakuru, mu buryo buhoraho yatambutsaga ubutumwa bukangurira abantu kwica Abatutsi.

Ibi ntabwo byabaga ari ibitekerezo bwite by’abantu biri aho, ni ubutumwa bwabaga busobanutse bwo kwica abantu ku bwinshi. Ibyatambukaga byabaga byuzuye ubutumwa bwo guhindura abaturage bose abicanyi n’abafatanyacyaha mu kwica bagenzi babo basangiye igihugu.

Ubutumwa bwabaga bisobanutse: Abatutsi ni abanzi, kubica ni igikorwa cyo gukunda igihugu. Iki gitangazamakuru ntabwo cyashishikarije ubwicanyi gusa, ahubwo cyabuhaye n’impamvu.

Twihuse, tukagera muri Mutarama 2025, muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ibiri kuba bijya gusa cyane.

Amagambo y’abayobozi b’Abanye-Congo nka Patrick Muyaya na Minisitiri w’Ubutabera, Constant Mutamba, wacecekesheje abanyamakuru mu ruhame ndetse agakangisha igihano cy’urupfu abavugisha ukuri, ni nka nyiramubande z’imvugo zibiba urwango zagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Abayobozi ba RDC bari gukora iki?

Aho kwitondera ibi bimenyetso bitanga umuburo, bakomeje umujyo wo gucecekesha abavugisha ukuri no gutanga ubufasha bwose ku bajenosideri barimo imitwe nka FDLR.

Iyi mitwe ni nayo yakoze Jenoside mu Rwanda, none kuri ubu iri gufatwa nk’imitwe irwanya ubutegetsi yemewe muri RDC.

Abagize iyi mitwe baratozwa, bagahabwa intwaro ndetse bakarindwa, bikarangira bari gukwirakwiza ingengabitekerezo mbi yakongeje u Rwanda mu 1994.

Reka wenda twinjire muri iyi ngingo neza, tureba uko Guverinoma ya RDC kimwe n’ubutegetsi bw’abajenosideri bwa Juvenal Habyarimana, byahaye rugari izi mvugo z’urwango.

Urugero, mugereranye ikinyamakuru cya Kangura cyakwirakwije umugambi wa Jenoside, n’icengezamatwara rikorwa na Guverinoma ya RDC.
Kangura mu mategeko yayo 10 y’Abahutu yasohotse mu Ukuboza mu 1990, yatanze amabwiriza yo kwihuza kw’Abahutu bari nyamwinshi ngo barwanye Umututsi, Umwanzi.

Itegeko rya 9 ryategekaga Abahutu aho bari hose kunga ubumwe no guhangayikishwa n’abavandimwe babo b’Abahutu.

Itegeko rya 10 naryo ntiryajyaga kure y’ibyo, ryasabaga ko impinduramatwara yo mu 1959, kamarampaka yo mu 1961 n’ingengabitekerezo ya gihutu byigishwa umuhutu uwo ariwe wese n’urwego yaba ariho rwose.

Aya magambo ntabwo yari imvugo yo gushyenga gusa, yahamagariraga abantu gufata intwaro. Cyari nk’igishushanyombonera cy’umugambi wo kurimbura igice kimwe cy’abantu.

Nk’uko aya mategeko yakurikiwe n’ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi, ni nayo nzira RDC irimo uyu munsi.

Guverinoma ya Perezida Tshisekedi yagiye ikoresha imvugo zizimije zirimo ‘ingabo zikunda igihugu’ mu gusobanura imitwe yica Abatutsi, Aba-Hema n’Abanyamulenge.

Nk’uko MRND yabigenje mu Rwanda irema Interahamwe n’Impuzamugambi nk’imitwe y’abaturage yo kwirwanaho mu nyandiko ariko mu byukuri ari igikorwa cya Jenoside, ni nako Mai-Mai na FDLR muri RDC bigirwa imitwe y’abasivile yo guhashya umwanzi, by’umwihariko abakorana n’u Rwanda.

Iyo ubisesenguye bica ayahe marenga?

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’imvugo y’urwango yakoreshejwe mu Rwanda mu myaka ya 1990, n’ibyo turi kumva uyu munsi muri RDC?

Navuga ko nta tandukaniro rinini rihari. Hombi iyi mvugo ni intwaro yo kurema impamvu z’ubwicanyi n’ubugizi bwa nabi.

Hombi Leta zahaye rugari imitwe yitwaje intwaro ibarirwa mu bihumbi gukora ntawe uyivuga, ihabwa intwaro n’amabwiriza yo kwibasira no kurimbura abandi.

Iyi niyo nzira yakoreshejwe n’ubutegetsi bwombi, haba ku ngengabitekerezo ya gihutu mu Rwanda cyangwa iyo kwanga Abatutsi n’Abanyarwanda muri RDC.

Muribuka bwa butumwa?

Mureke ntitwibagirwe bwa butumwa bwa Gen Dallaire wa UNAMIR, yohereje ku wa 11 Mutarama mu 1994.

Ubu butumwa bwari ikimenyetso cyo kuburira gisobanutse kandi gisobanura neza umugambi wagutse w’ubugome.

Nifuza ko nibura ubu butumwa bwari kuba bujyanye cyane n’ibibi byo guha rugari imvugo z’urwango, guhita ntawe uzikumiriye.

Umuburo wa Dallaire watambutse ntawe uwuhaye agaciro, umuryango Mpuzamahanga ugerageza kugira icyo ukora ariko abarenga miliyoni bamaze kwicwa.

Impamvu y’iri somo iroroshye: Icengezamatwara ribi, iyo rihawe rugari, riba intwaro mbi kurenza indi iyo ariyo yose. Ritanga icyuho, aho ubwicanyi bwibasira benshi bushoboka.

Kuri ubu muri RDC turi kumva ibikangisho bimwe ku banyamakuru no gukingira ikibabaza abajenosideri. Ese uku ni uguhurirana? Oya.

FDLR, Umutwe wahunze u Rwanda nyuma ya Jenoside, uri kugira uruhare rukomeye mu bwicanyi n’urwango biri muri RDC. Abawugize nibo barimu muri uyu mukino w’urupfu, aho bigisha ibisekuru biri imbere uko babiba urwango, ugahindura umusivile umwicanyi, ndetse nyuma ubwicanyi ukabushakira ibisobanuro witwaje gukunda igihugu.

Mureke tuganire.

Ikibazo cy’umunyeshuri;

Umunyeshuri :Kuki ari ikibazo kwirengagiza imvugo zihembera urwango? Ese si uburenganzira bwo kuvuga uko umuntu abishaka?

Igisubizo: Oya, munyeshuri wanjye, si uburenganzira bwo kuvuga icyo ushaka gusa. Ni ugushishikariza ubwicanyi.

Ubwoko bw’amagambo butuma abantu bumva ko bafite uburenganzira bwo kwica abaturanyi babo, bagenzi babo, cyangwa inshuti zabo.

Ibyo nibyo turi kubona muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo muri iki gihe. Imvugo yuzuyemo urwango si ibintu byoroshye; ni nko kwenyegeza umuriro w’urugomo.

Iyi mvugo itera imyumvire mubi aho abantu benshi biyumvisha ko ubwicanyi ari igikorwa cyiza.

Reba nko mu Rwanda, aho icengezamatwara n’amagambo ahembera urwango byahinduye abaturanyi abicanyi.

No kutangira icyo ubikoraho nabyo bifite ingaruka. UNAMIR yari ifite amakuru, ariko ntiyakoresha ubushobozi bwayo. Uyu munsi, ntatandukaniro riri hagati yayo na MONUSCO.

Biroroshye: Uhereye kuri ‘fax’ ya Dallaire kugeza uyu munsi aho itandazamakuru riterwa ubwoba, kutagira igikorwa si uburangare gusa ahubwo ni no kuba icyitso.

UN, AU, EU, SADC, na EAC bose bafite inshingano zo gukumira ubwicanyi, nyamara bagahitamo guceceka mu gihe ibimenyetso bigaragara bigaragaza ibyago bya jenoside.

Ikibazo cy’umunyeshuri:

Umunyeshuri: “None dukore iki? Umuti ni uwuhe?

Igisubizo: Umuti uroroshye: Tugomba gusaba ko hagira igikorwa.

Ibihugu bigomba guhagarika kwirengagiza. U Bubiligi, u Bufaransa, n’ibindi bihugu bifite uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bigomba guhagarika kwirengagiza.

Isi ntigomba gukomeza kurebera. RDC si u Rwanda, ariko ibimenyetso birigaragaza.

Umuryango mpuzamahanga ugomba kuryoza ibi bihugu uburangare bwabyo, kandi ugakora iyo bwabaga ugakumira Jenoside.

Ntitugomba gutegereza ngo hongere hatembe imivu y’amaraso ukundi.

Kuri uyu munsi tariki ya 11 Mutarama 2025 twibuka Fax ya Jenoside n’ubuzima bw’abantu yashoboraga gukiza iyo Isi iba yarumvise.

Umwanzuro?

Mu gihe twegereza umusozo w’iri somo ryacu ribabaje, tugomba kongera kwibuka amateka ari kwigaragariza mu biri kubera muri RDC uyu munsi.

Ikindi kandi tugomba kongera gutera agatima ku byo twize, cyangwa byabindi twananiwe kwiga dore ni nabyo by’ingenzi.

Ibimenyetso by’ibiri kubera muri RDC ntibitwibutsa ibyabaye gusa, ahubwo binagaragaza ibyagejeje u Rwanda kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Kangura mu myaka ya 1990 cyabibaga amacakubiri mu Banyarwanda, gisaba Abahutu kubona uwo ari we wese utavuga rumwe na bo nk’umwanzi w’ubutegetsi bwabo, niko natwe tubona ibyo muri iki gihe bikorwa mu mvugo z’abayobozi ba RDC, nka Patrick Muyaya na Minisitiri w’Ubutabera Constant Mutamba.

Amagambo yabo baherutse gutangaza, aho bashishikariza kwica cyangwa gufunga abanyamakuru bavuga ibinyuranye n’ibyifuzo bya leta, ateye ubwoba. Arasa cyane n’imyumvire y’ubutegetsi bw’Abahutu bwakoresheje iterabwoba, bugasaba ko utavuga rumwe nabwo yakwitwa umugambanyi.

Ubwo Kangura yateguraga amategeko 10 y’Abahutu, yemeje ko niba udashyigikiye gahunda ya jenoside uri umwanzi w’igihugu, ubu mu RDC turi kubona nk’ibyo.

Muri RDC abantu batemeranya n’imikorere y’ubutegetsi cyane cuane abanyamakuru, ntibafatwa batadafite ukuri ahubwo bafatwa nk’abanzi b’igihugu.

Kimwe n’abakoze jenoside mu Rwanda, bari bigize abarengera uburenganzira bw’abahutu, abayobozi muri RDC babona ukutumwa kimwe nko kugambanira impamvu yabo, yayindi iryanya Abanyarwanda n’Abatutsi.

Ku bashobora kureba kureba, babona neza ko ibiri kuba muri RDC bitari kure y’ibyabaye mu Rwanda, ni bimwe byagejeje kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi nibyo biri kuba mu isura nshya.

Abajenosideri basize bashegeshe u Rwanda bari muri FDLR, ubu ni bamwe muri bari muri ibyo bikorwa byo kwica abandi.

Ntabwo ari abantu bari kwinjandika mu bikorwa by’urugomo gusa, ahubwo ni n’abarimu b’ingengabitekerezo, bari gufasha gushyiraho politiki iha intebe urwango.

Neza neza nk’uko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ku butegetsi bwa Habyarimana, ari yo yari iri inyuma ya Jenoside, Guverinoma ya RDC nayo iri gushyiraho ingengabitekerezo y’amahano nk’ayabaye mu Rwanda.

FDLR, ikomeje kwihambira ku "burenganzira" bwo kubaho nk’umutwe witwaje intwaro muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, bagaragara nk’abafite ijambo rikomeye.

Mu buryo butangaje, umubano wabo na leta urasa n’uhuriweho, buri wese yungukira mu wundi, maze bikabyara umwuka w’ubwoba, n’urwango.

Ibi si ikibazo cya politiki gusa, ni ikibazo cy’umutimanama. Kudatabara k’umuryango mpuzamahanga haba mu 1994 mu Rwanda no muri iki gihe muri Congo, ni ikimenyetso cy’uko isi yananiwe gufata inshingano.

Ariko ikibabaje kurushaho ni uko turi kubona imbaraga zangiza ziri mu bikorwa, Isi igakomeza kwiraza inyanza.

Turi kubona izamuka ry’ikiragano gishya cy’abiyita ‘abakunda igihugu’ basigiriza urugomo bagahindura umwanzi mu nyito.
Amateka atwigisha ko atari intwaro yica mbere, ahubwo ari amagambo.

Kandi niba tudakura amasomo mu byabaye, niba tudashyira umutima ku mbaraga z’amagambo n’uruhare rwayo mu kurema ingengabitekerezo, tuzisanga twemereye akaga kongera kwisubiramo.

Nk’uko duhagaze ku ruhurirane rw’amateka, ntibiduhamagarire gusa kwibuka ahubwo binaduhamagarire kugira icyo gukora.

Amagambo y’ikinyamakuru Kangura yabaye uburozi bwanduje igihugu, bituma Jenoside iba.

Amagambo ya Muyaya na Mutamba muri iki gihe, nubwo yambikwa isura ya “politiki,” na yo si shyashya.

Ni imbuto z’urugomo rushya, rumwe ruteye ubwoba kuko rwitwikira ‘ugukunda igihugu’ ‘n’ubunyangamugayo’.

Nk’uko twananie kugira icyo dukora mu 1994 kandi twari dufite amahirwe, ni nako tugomba kwanga kutagira icyo dukora mu 2025.

Ikibazo ntabwo ari ukwigira ku mateka, ahubwo ni ukwibaza niba koko tuzareka ko yongera kwisubiramo.

Ibihugu bimwe nk’u Bubiligi n’u Bufaransa bigomba guhagarika kwigira nk’aho bitabona ibimenyetso bimaze kujya ahabona. Bigomba kwibuka ibyabaye mu Rwanda mbere ya Mata 7 1994.

Uburyo bwakoreshejwe, amagambo, ndetse n’ababikoze ni bimwe. Ese tuzongera duhagarare turebere gusa, cyangwa tuzahagarika aya mahano mbere y’uko amazi arenga inkombe?

Igihe cyo gukora ni iki, mbere y’uko amagambo aba amasasu cyangwa imihoro, bikatujyana mu nzira y’akaga twahize ko tutazongera kunyuramo.

Nk’uko Fax ya Jenoside yirengagijwe mu 1994, mureke ntitwirengagize Fax turi kubona uyu munsi.

Ibyo guhomba ni byinshi, kandi ingaruka ni mbi cyane.
Isi igomba kugira icyo ikora, mbere y’uko amateka ahinduka akaga k’uyu munsi.

Ingabo za FARDC n'imitwe zikorana nayo barashinjwa kwica abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda

Gen. General Roméo Dallaire wari uyoboye ingabo za Loni mu Rwanda, yoherereje abamukuriye i New York, ababurira ko mu Rwanda hashobora kuba Jenoside.